Costo-Efectividad de la mamografía como prueba de tamizaje para la detección precoz el cáncer de mama
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Rúa Quintana, Merly Lorena | 2019-04-12
BACKGROUND. Although the efficacy of mammography has been accepted as screening for breast cancer in developed countries, depending on the costs and gains in mortality, the results observed in Colombia and other Latin American countries, and in general in low-income countries, are not equally conclusive. The authors estimated the cost-effectiveness of mammography as a screening method for the early detection of breast cancer in women affiliated with a Promoting Health Entity (EPS) of Antioquia (Colombia). METHODS. For this study, a Markov state transition model was developed to simulate, given the result of mammographic screening, the diagnosis of breast cancer, the five-year survival and the cost of treatment in the women who received this test for the early detection of breast cancer. The benefit of mammography was modeled by assuming a stage change, in which cancers in women examined were more likely to be diagnosed at an earlier stage of the disease. The authors calculated the costs of this screening strategy and the potential impact on mortality, given the results of the model. RESULTS. The evaluation resulted in a total of 742 Life Years Saved (LYS) at a cost per LYS of COP $ 20,233,400.43 (USD $ 6,996.55), which represents 1.1 times the Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (PIB-PC) of the same year, so for this study screening mammography is considered a "Cost-effective" strategy. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained suggest that mammography for Antioquian women between 50 and 69 years old is currently a cost-effective strategy for the EPS to which they are affiliated, in the early detection of breast cancer, based on the threshold established by WHO
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