Now showing items 6746-6765 of 8086

QoProcess: framework para el mejoramiento de procesos durante la implementación y certificación de sistemas de gestión de calidad

Sánchez Comas, Andrés (Universidad de la CostaMaestría en Ingeniería, 2016-12-13)

El presente trabajo propende por la mejora de procesos durante la implementación y certificación de Sistemas de Gestión de Calidad bajo la norma ISO 9001, de forma que si una organización estandariza sus procesos, estos ...
QSAR and molecular docking modelling of anti-leishmanial activities of organic selenium and tellurium compounds

Cabrera, Nicolas; Mora, Jose R; Márquez, E.; Flores-Morales, Virginia; Calle, L.; Cortés, E. (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2020-11-26)

Leishmaniasis affects mainly rural areas and the poorest people in the world. A computational study of the antileishmanial activity of organic selenium and tellurium compounds was performed. The 3D structures of the compounds ...
El Quadrivium y la catedral gótica

Lluis-Teruel, Cinta (Corporación Universidad de la CostaBarranquilla, 2019-07-04)

Lospromotores de las catedrales idealizaban en los fundamen-tos del quadrivium el orden gótico. El Capítulo catedral tenía un conocimiento de la ciencia matemática especulativo, derivado de las ...
Quadrotor modeling and a pid control approach

Cárdenas R., César A.; Grisales-Romero, Hugo; COLLAZOS MORALES, CARLOS ANDRES; Cerón-Muñoz, Hernan Dario; Ariza Colpas, Paola Patricia; Caputo Llanos, Roger (Universidad de la Costa, 2020)

Since there has been an important increase in unmanned vehicles systems research such as quadrotors, a mathematical model and PID control laws are studied. Based on some dynamic variables, PID control is applied to compute ...
A qualitative systematic review of experiences and perceptions of youth suicide

Grimmond, Jessica; Kornhaber, Rachel; Visentin, Denis; Cleary, Michelle (2019-06-12)

Background: Suicide remains a global issue with over 800,000 people dying from suicide every year. Youth suicide is especially serious due to the years of life lost when a young person takes their own life. Social interactions, ...
Quality improvement in ammonium nitrate production using Six Sigma methodology

Ochoa-González, Olmedo; Coronado-Hernández, Jairo R.; Macías-Jiménez, Mayra A.; Romero-Conrado, Alfonso R. (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2020)

Six sigma has been used in different industries to reach operational excellence. However, in the chemical industry, the application of this methodology is limited. This research presents an implementation of the six sigma ...
Quality management system and ISO 9001:2008 certification-Barriers and challenges to SMEs

Martínez Marín, Sindy Johana; García Díaz, José Luis; Guerrero Reyes, Jorge Luis (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2018)

La implementación de un Sistema de Gestión de Calidad (SGC) incrementa la calidad de productos y/o servicios, añade valor a los procesos, permite la optimización de variables productivas y mejora la posición competitiva ...
Quality of life and the relationship with family income in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Santos-Moreno, P.; Buitrago-Garcia, D.; Villarreal Peralta, L.; Alvis-Zakzuk, N. J.; Alvis-Guzmán, N. (Universidad de la Costa, 2019)

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Quality of life in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RAQol) questionnaire. Also, to explore its relationship with income in patients ...
Quantification and removal of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCS) in atmospheric emissions in large (Petro) chemical complexes in different countries of America and Europe

Hernández Fernández, Joaquín; CANO CUADRO, HEIDIS PATRICIA; Rodriguez-Couto, Susana (MDPI AGSwitzerland, 2022-09-11)

The present research was focused on the determination and removal of sulfur-containing compounds in industrial emissions of liquefied petroleum gas purification processes in petrochemical plants located in the USA, Brazil, ...
Quantifying Potential Cost-Savings Through an Alternative Imaging-Based Diagnostic Process in Presumptive Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis

Santos-Moreno, Pedro; Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J; Castillo, Edwin; Villarreal, Laura; Pineda, Carlos; Sandoval, Hugo; Valencia, Omaira (2021)

Background: Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (SRA) is a condition that is not well understood and difficult to confirm by a conventional diagnostic process. We aimed to quantify the potential cost-savings of an alternative ...
Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson; Troeger, Christopher E; Khalil, Ibrahim A; Blacker, Brigette F; Biehl, Molly H; Albertson, Samuel B; Zimsen, Stephanie R M; Rao, Puja C; Abate, Degu; Ahmadi, Alireza (The Lancet, 2019-10-30)

Summary Background Many countries have shown marked declines in diarrhoeal disease mortality among children younger than 5 years. With this analysis, we provide updated results on diarrhoeal disease mortality among children ...
Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of lower respiratory infections among children younger than 5 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson; Troeger, Christopher E; Khalil, Ibrahim A; Blacker, Brigette F; Biehl, Molly H; Albertson, Samuel B; Zimsen, Stephanie R M; Rao, Puja C; Abate, Degu; Admasie, Amha (The Lancet, 2019-10-30)

Background Despite large reductions in under-5 lower respiratory infection (LRI) mortality in many locations, the pace of progress for LRIs has generally lagged behind that of other childhood infectious diseases. To better ...
Quantifying the years of life lost due to COVID-19 in Colombia: preliminary estimates

ALVIS-ZAKZUK, NELSON J.; Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson; Diaz-Jiménez, D.; Dueñas Castell, C.; Rojas-Suarez, J.; Fernandez Mercado, J. C.; Paternina-Caicedo, A.; Castañeda-Orjuela, C.; De La Hoz, F. (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2021)

To estimate the years of life lost (YLLs) due to COVID-19 in Colombia and assess its economic impact by valuing the potential years of productive life lost (PYLLs). We conducted an ecological study to estimate the number ...
¿Qué es lo “artístico” en la arquitectura? Una reflexión sobre la relación arte y arquitectura a partir del concepto “fin del arte” propuesto por Arthur C. Danto

Martínez Osorio, Gilberto Emiro (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2011-07-13)

El problema que motiva el presente ensayo parte de la duda suscitada en mí como arquitecto, respecto de la relación Arquitectura y Arte, a la luz del cambio de paradigma acontecido en el arte a partir de la segunda mitad ...
¿Qué significa el Hábitat?

Padilla-Llano, Samuel Esteban; zarate Sánchez, Yanira; Iglesias Arrieta, Santiago A.; Acevedo Niebles, Johan S.; Pedrozo Arroyave, Jorge; Silva Aldana, Grey; Peña Olmos, Jesús; Ariza Newball, Deirk; Tatis Duarte, David; Martinez Camargo, Danilo; Romulo Bravo, Jared; Granados Gutiérrez, Dairo; Jiménez Castro, Blas; Mendoza Triana, Flavio C.; Sanjuan Laura, Cardona; Mora Pacheco, Manuel; Villarreal Luna, Gissel M.; Berdugo Barnadica, Mirta (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2020-08)

Las líneas que siguen a continuación son el resultado de un ejercicio académico de estudiantes de noveno semestre del Programa de Arquitectura de la Universidad de la Costa, en el marco de la asignatura Electiva en Proyecto ...
Qué significa pensar durante la producción de la obra de arte en la serie Línea-miento de política territorial internacional

Machado Penso, María Verónica (Corporación Universidad de la Costa, 2020)

This article explores the meaning of thinking from an artistic practice which opens a dialogue with the truth that the production of the work presents. Based on two texts by Heidegger "What is called thinking" and "The ...
¿Quién es ‘Joselito’, el muerto que Barranquilla llora en su Carnaval?

Caparroso, José (Carnaval de Barranquilla S.A.S, 2017)

Un río de viudas, vestidas con atuendos negros, sombreros tipo pavas, gafas oscuras, recibos con deudas pendientes y barrigas de trapo que simulan embarazos, salen a las calles de Barranquilla, el martes previo al miércoles ...
Quincuagésimo aniversario de ASOUNIESCA

Contreras Muñoz, Julysa Tibisay (Universidad de la Costa, 2019-10-10)

Con el fin de celebrar los 50 años de ASOUNIESCA, la organización ha decidido realizar diversas actividades académicas que permitan actualizar y fortalecer los conocimientos de cada uno de sus miembros en los distintos ...
Quinta semana del diseño

Departamento de Arquitectura y Diseño (Corporación Universidad de la CostaDepartamento de Arquitectura y Diseño, 2021)

5ta versión de la SEMANA DEL DISEÑO, un evento conocido por todos ustedes y que en esta versión se logra consolidar aún más. Una actividad para divulgar a toda la comunidad académica nuestra estrategia pedagógica del ...
Química analítica como herramienta de diagnóstico ambiental y los reflejos del desastre Mariana en la zona costera del Departamento de Espíritu Santo, Brasil

Schnorr, Carlos Eduardo; Rodríguez Souza, Jefferson (Corporación Universidad de la CostaDepartamento de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, 2021-06-06)

En este espacio propiciado por el Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, se explica un estudio de monitoreo ambiental realizado a las playas y zonas costeras de Brasil después del desastre ocurrido en el año 2015 ...

Envíos recientes

QoProcess: framework para el mejoramiento de procesos durante la implementación y certificación de sistemas de gestión de calidad
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Sánchez Comas, Andrés | 2016-12-13

El presente trabajo propende por la mejora de procesos durante la implementación y certificación de Sistemas de Gestión de Calidad bajo la norma ISO 9001, de forma que si una organización estandariza sus procesos, estos procesos aporten valor en función de satisfacer las necesidades tanto de sus clientes internos como externos a fin de que se pueda totalizar una sumatoria de valor adicionada a lo largo de toda la cadena de procesos y actividades interrelacionados, por lo que el framework ayuda a la construcción y posterior documentación y estandarización de procesos que estén en función de la satisfacción del cliente. Para ello se realizó un análisis sistemático de los requisitos de la norma ISO 9001:2015 y se estudiaron procesos de implementación y certificación a partir de fuentes primarias y secundarias en las que se identificaron los focos potenciales de mejora de procesos. Se estudiaron metodologías comprobadas y reconocidas de mejoras de procesos: Business Processs Management (BPM), Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Lean Manufacturing y Seis Sigma, con el fin de identificar actividades y herramientas para la mejora de procesos que se pudieran implementar durante la implementación de un SGC. Con esto se diseñó un proceso de implementación y certificación que contempla acciones y herramientas específicas que garantizan que los procesos a estandarizar en el sistema de gestión estén alineados a una estrategia de agregación de valor y que aun así la organización pueda cumplir su objeto principal en el proyecto, lograr la certificación ISO 9001

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QSAR and molecular docking modelling of anti-leishmanial activities of organic selenium and tellurium compounds
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Cabrera, Nicolas | 2020-11-26

Leishmaniasis affects mainly rural areas and the poorest people in the world. A computational study of the antileishmanial activity of organic selenium and tellurium compounds was performed. The 3D structures of the compounds were optimized at the wb97xd/lanl2dz level and used in the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. The antileishmanial activity was measured by L. donovani β carbonic anhydrase inhibition (Ki) and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against L. infantum amastigotes. The dataset was divided into training (75%) and test sets (25%) by using a k-means clustering algorithm. For pKi prediction, model M3 with seven 3D topographic descriptors was characterized by the following statistical parameters: r 2 = 0.879, Q 2 LOO = 0.822, and Q 2 ext = 0.840. For pIC50 prediction, model M12 with six attributes was characterized by the following statistical parameters: r 2 = 0.907, Q 2 LOO = 0.824, and Q 2 ext = 0.795. Both models met all the requirements of Tropsha´s test, which implies predictions of pIC50 and pKi activities with high accuracy. Concomitantly, favourable interactions of the sulphonamide group with the Zn atom in the protein were revealed by the docking analysis.

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El Quadrivium y la catedral gótica
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Lluis-Teruel, Cinta | 2019-07-04

Lospromotores de las catedrales idealizaban en los fundamen-tos del quadrivium el orden gótico. El Capítulo catedral tenía un conocimiento de la ciencia matemática especulativo, derivado de las fuentes patrísticas y los enciclopedistas latinos neoplatónicos. La síntesis de estas fuentes, con una métrica de base aritmética y geométrica que se despliega como un gran ábaco, la geometria fabrorum del constructor medieval, permite construir las catedra-les góticas. Se plantea la relación entre la teoría de la proporción de los codex existentes en el Archivo Capitular de Tortosa y la de la fábrica gótica

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Quadrotor modeling and a pid control approach
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Cárdenas R., César A. | 2020

Since there has been an important increase in unmanned vehicles systems research such as quadrotors, a mathematical model and PID control laws are studied. Based on some dynamic variables, PID control is applied to compute a controller to be then use in autopilot simulations. As this kind of VTOL vehicle seems to be unstable, the aim of this work is to change even other ﬂight mechanics parameters and control gains to study attitude and altitude variations. A well-known computational tool is used for simulation purposes, performance analysis and validation.

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A qualitative systematic review of experiences and perceptions of youth suicide
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Grimmond, Jessica | 2019-06-12

Background: Suicide remains a global issue with over 800,000 people dying from suicide every year. Youth suicide is especially serious due to the years of life lost when a young person takes their own life. Social interactions, perceived support, genetic predisposition and mental illnesses are factors associated with suicide ideation. Objectives To review and synthesize qualitative studies that explored the experiences and perceptions of suicide in people 25 years old and younger. Design Qualitative systematic review. Data sources PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and CINAHL were searched alongside hand-searching reference lists up to October 2018. Methods Methodological quality was assessed using the qualitative Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. The 27 studies included in the review centered around youth suicide and included interviews with young people and members of the wider community. Thematic synthesis focused on factors leading to suicide attempts, elements important to recovery, beliefs within the community, and treatment/prevention strategies. Results Thematic analysis of the articles revealed four categories: i) triggers and risks leading to suicidality; ii) factors involved in recovery; iii) need for institutional treatment/prevention strategies; and iv) beliefs about suicide at a community level. The first category was further subdivided into: i) behaviours; ii) feelings/emotions; iii) family influences; iv) peer influences; and v) other. The second category was split into: i) interpersonal; ii) cultural; and iii) individual influences, while the third category was divided into i) education; and ii) treatment. Conclusion Youth suicide is a complex issue with many causes and risks factors which interact with one another. For successful treatment and prevention, procedural reform is needed, along with a shift in societal attitudes toward emotional expression and suicide.

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Quality improvement in ammonium nitrate production using Six Sigma methodology
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Ochoa-González, Olmedo | 2020

Six sigma has been used in different industries to reach operational excellence. However, in the chemical industry, the application of this methodology is limited. This research presents an implementation of the six sigma method for ammonium nitrate (AN) content optimization in condensate production for a fertilizer company in Colombia. The paper aims to determine the levels for input variables in the process, to meet desirable standards for condensate quality in terms of ammonium nitrate content. Based on the DMAIC steps implementation, it was possible to establish the main variables affecting the condensate quality and their optimal levels to reach an ammonium nitrate content below 15,000 ppm. These results demonstrate the impact that a six sigma project may have on operational effectiveness and quality improvement for meeting the customer requirements.

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Quality management system and ISO 9001:2008 certification-Barriers and challenges to SMEs
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Martínez Marín, Sindy Johana | 2018

La implementación de un Sistema de Gestión de Calidad (SGC) incrementa la calidad de productos y/o servicios, añade valor a los procesos, permite la optimización de variables productivas y mejora la posición competitiva de las empresas. Sin embargo, las pymes reflejan complejidad en la implantación de este sistema y certificación bajo la norma ISO 9001:2008, con limitaciones y restricciones en la formulación de políticas y objetivos de calidad, planeación estratégica, comunicación interna y gestión de recursos.

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Quality of life and the relationship with family income in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
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Santos-Moreno, P. | 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Quality of life in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RAQol) questionnaire. Also, to explore its relationship with income in patients attended at a specialized RA center in Bogotá, Colombia, 2018. Methods: We performed a descriptive study. The RAQol version in Spanish was applied to RA patients. The scale of the RAQol has a score from 1-10, where 10 is associated with better QoL. We excluded patients with psychological or psychiatric disorders. We asked about the monthly family income according to the Colombian minimum wage. Descriptive epidemiology was performed for each variable. A comparison of means regarding age and RAQol score was carried out. Therefore, we performed a bivariate analysis in order to explore the relationship between income and QoL, reporting Odds Ratios (OR) and confidence intervals 95% (CI95%). Results related to family income were reported in US$ with the average exchange rate for 2018. Results: We interviewed 310 patients, 92% were female. Mean age was 60 years [standard deviation (SD10.5)]. Mean score for the scale was 6.8 (SD1.7). When we evaluated each domain for the RAQoL, the one with higher score was the support from family and friends (7.8, SD2.0). According to income, 41% of patients reported a monthly income of less than US$265, 47% between US$266- US$530, 9% between US$531-US$795 and 3% more than US$1300. Patients with an income greater than US$531 per/month had a higher average score in the RAQoL scale (7.1, SD5.5). The relationship of having a score lower than 6 in the RAQoL and a monthly income lower than US$530 showed an OR of 2.48 IC95% (0.99-6.22) (P=0.03). Conclusions: Our study showed that patient with a low income reports a lower QoL. Further research is needed to evaluate the alternatives that can improve QoL in patients with RA.

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Quantification and removal of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCS) in atmospheric emissions in large (Petro) chemical complexes in different countries of America and Europe
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Hernández Fernández, Joaquín | 2022-09-11

The present research was focused on the determination and removal of sulfur-containing compounds in industrial emissions of liquefied petroleum gas purification processes in petrochemical plants located in the USA, Brazil, Colombia, Spain, and Italy. For the analysis of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), an improved analytical methodology was implemented. The performance of the method was evaluated for eight VSCs in a linear dynamic range between 0.1 and 50 ppm. The concentrations of the eight VSCs in the deethanizer affluents ranged from 11 to 49 ppm for all the studied plants, which exceed the limits specified by institutions and administrations in occupational health and safety. The concentrations of the eight VSCs in the splitter affluents were lower than 4 ppm for all the considered plants. The emissions from each column depended upon its operating rate, with the highest concentrations estimated at 45 TM kg−1 and the lowest ones at 25 TM kg−1. A zeolite-packed prototype column was fitted at the outlet of the splitter and deethanizer columns to reduce the environmental effect of the examined VSCs. This technique was verified and put into practice on an industrial scale, obtaining VSC removal percentages of between 85 and 91%.

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Quantifying Potential Cost-Savings Through an Alternative Imaging-Based Diagnostic Process in Presumptive Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Santos-Moreno, Pedro | 2021

Background: Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (SRA) is a condition that is not well understood and difficult to confirm by a conventional diagnostic process. We aimed to quantify the potential cost-savings of an alternative diagnostic process (ADP) imaging-based, for patients with presumptive SRA from everyday clinical practice. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis for patients with presumptive SRA who tested negative for both rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, through an ADP imaging-based, that is a standard clinical practice in our center. After we confirmed the diagnosis of SRA or reclassified patients in terms of another proper diagnosis, we estimate direct costs in two scenarios: a conventional and ADP. We compared the cost of RA treatment during the first year against the cost of the most misdiagnosed treatment (osteoarthritis) found after applying the ADP to determine potential cost-savings. Results: We included 440 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of SRA. According to the imaging-based ADP, SRA was confirmed in 106/440 (24.1%), unspecified RA in 9/440 (2.0%), and osteoarthritis in 325/440 (73.9%) of those patients. Although the costs of conventional diagnosis per patient is lower than those of ADP ($59,20 USD vs $269,57 USD), we found a potential drug cost-savings of $1,570,775.20 US Dollars after 1 year of correct treatment. Conclusion: An alternative diagnosis process, including X-rays, US and MRI imaging, and clinical and blood-test assessment, not only increased diagnostic certainty in patients referred for evaluation of presumptive SRA but also suggested a potential cost-savings in pharmacological treatments avoided in misdiagnosed patients.

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Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
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Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson | 2019-10-30

Summary Background Many countries have shown marked declines in diarrhoeal disease mortality among children younger than 5 years. With this analysis, we provide updated results on diarrhoeal disease mortality among children younger than 5 years from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) and use the study’s comparative risk assessment to quantify trends and effects of risk factors, interventions, and broader sociodemographic development on mortality changes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Methods This analysis for GBD 2017 had three main components. Diarrhoea mortality was modelled using vital registration data, demographic surveillance data, and verbal autopsy data in a predictive, Bayesian, ensemble modelling tool; and the attribution of risk factors and interventions for diarrhoea were modelled in a counterfactual framework that combines modelled population-level prevalence of the exposure to each risk or intervention with the relative risk of diarrhoea given exposure to that factor. We assessed the relative and absolute change in diarrhoea mortality rate between 1990 and 2017, and used the change in risk factor exposure and sociodemographic status to explain differences in the trends of diarrhoea mortality among children younger than 5 years. Findings Diarrhoea was responsible for an estimated 533 768 deaths (95% uncertainty interval 477 162–593 145) among children younger than 5 years globally in 2017, a rate of 78·4 deaths (70·1–87·1) per 100 000 children. The diarrhoea mortality rate ranged between countries by over 685 deaths per 100 000 children. Diarrhoea mortality per 100 000 globally decreased by 69·6% (63·1–74·6) between 1990 and 2017. Among the risk factors considered in this study, those responsible for the largest declines in the diarrhoea mortality rate were reduction in exposure to unsafe sanitation (13·3% decrease, 11·2–15·5), childhood wasting (9·9% decrease, 9·6–10·2), and low use of oral rehydration solution (6·9% decrease, 4·8–8·4). Interpretation Diarrhoea mortality has declined substantially since 1990, although there are variations by country. Improvements in sociodemographic indicators might explain some of these trends, but changes in exposure to risk factors—particularly unsafe sanitation, childhood growth failure, and low use of oral rehydration solution—appear to be related to the relative and absolute rates of decline in diarrhoea mortality. Although the most effective interventions might vary by country or region, identifying and scaling up the interventions aimed at preventing and protecting against diarrhoea that have already reduced diarrhoea mortality could further avert many thousands of deaths due to this illness.

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Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of lower respiratory infections among children younger than 5 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
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Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson | 2019-10-30

Background Despite large reductions in under-5 lower respiratory infection (LRI) mortality in many locations, the pace of progress for LRIs has generally lagged behind that of other childhood infectious diseases. To better inform programmes and policies focused on preventing and treating LRIs, we assessed the contributions and patterns of risk factor attribution, intervention coverage, and sociodemographic development in 195 countries and territories by drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) LRI estimates. Methods We used four strategies to model LRI burden: the mortality due to LRIs was modelled using vital registration data, demographic surveillance data, and verbal autopsy data in a predictive ensemble modelling tool; the incidence of LRIs was modelled using population representative surveys, health-care utilisation data, and scientific literature in a compartmental meta-regression tool; the attribution of risk factors for LRI mortality was modelled in a counterfactual framework; and trends in LRI mortality were analysed applying changes in exposure to risk factors over time. In GBD, infectious disease mortality, including that due to LRI, is among HIV-negative individuals. We categorised locations based on their burden in 1990 to make comparisons in the changing burden between 1990 and 2017 and evaluate the relative percent change in mortality rate, incidence, and risk factor exposure to explain differences in the health loss associated with LRIs among children younger than 5 years. Findings In 2017, LRIs caused 808 920 deaths (95% uncertainty interval 747 286–873 591) in children younger than 5 years. Since 1990, there has been a substantial decrease in the number of deaths (from 2 337 538 to 808 920 deaths; 65·4% decrease, 61·5–68·5) and in mortality rate (from 362·7 deaths [330·1–392·0] per 100 000 children to 118·9 deaths [109·8–128·3] per 100 000 children; 67·2% decrease, 63·5–70·1). LRI incidence declined globally (32·4% decrease, 27·2–37·5). The percent change in under-5 mortality rate and incidence has varied across locations. Among the risk factors assessed in this study, those responsible for the greatest decrease in under-5 LRI mortality between 1990 and 2017 were increased coverage of vaccination against Haemophilus influenza type b (11·4% decrease, 0·0–24·5), increased pneumococcal vaccine coverage (6·3% decrease, 6·1–6·3), and reductions in household air pollution (8·4%, 6·8–9·2). Interpretation Our findings show that there have been substantial but uneven declines in LRI mortality among countries between 1990 and 2017. Although improvements in indicators of sociodemographic development could explain some of these trends, changes in exposure to modifiable risk factors are related to the rates of decline in LRI mortality. No single intervention would universally accelerate reductions in health loss associated with LRIs in all settings, but emphasising the most dominant risk factors, particularly in countries with high case fatality, can contribute to the reduction of preventable deaths.

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Quantifying the years of life lost due to COVID-19 in Colombia: preliminary estimates
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ALVIS-ZAKZUK, NELSON J. | 2021

To estimate the years of life lost (YLLs) due to COVID-19 in Colombia and assess its economic impact by valuing the potential years of productive life lost (PYLLs). We conducted an ecological study to estimate the number of premature deaths associated with COVID-19 and calculate the present value of their expected future earnings using a discount rate of 3%. We considered deaths occurred from March to November 9, 2020. We used the modified criteria in the 2010 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study to estimate YLLs, adding the deaths for each age group and multiplied by the life expectancy of the respective age group up to the age limit considered. From the human capital approach, we estimated PYLLs to show the number of years of premature deaths caused by COVID-19, when fatalities occurred between 15-64 years old, the timeframe of economically active life for all estimates. We present results in 2020 U.S. dollars. The 32,974 deaths from COVID-19 have produced 697,512 YLLs, of which 66.0% are in men. Around 76.2% of these YLLs occur in people >50 years. On average, each death from COVID-19 contributed 21.2 YLL. The YLLs rate is 1,385 (women: 963; men: 1,787) per 100,000 inhabitants. The mean rate of YLLs in people aged ≥50 years is about ten times that of those <50 years (5,059 vs. 561 per 100,000). Premature deaths in the Colombian economically active population accounted for 89,667 PYLLs (74.6% in men). 58.8% of the PYLLs occurred in the population aged 40-64 years. The economic burden associated with this goes from US$168 to US$306 million (0.05-0.10% of the 2019 gross domestic product). At the end of 2020, COVID-19 would be the leading cause of death in Colombia and the most critical disease burden factor, above cardiovascular diseases, and neonatal disorders.

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¿Qué es lo “artístico” en la arquitectura? Una reflexión sobre la relación arte y arquitectura a partir del concepto “fin del arte” propuesto por Arthur C. Danto
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Martínez Osorio, Gilberto Emiro | 2011-07-13

El problema que motiva el presente ensayo parte de la duda suscitada en mí como arquitecto, respecto de la relación Arquitectura y Arte, a la luz del cambio de paradigma acontecido en el arte a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Duda que ante la poca claridad que sobre este tema hay en el presente, se constituyó en una invitación a revisar los puntos de encuentro entre lo que se entiende y se hace en la Arquitectura y las prácticas artísticas contemporáneas, a la luz de los postulados relacionados con el “fin del Arte” planteados por el crítico norteamericano Arthur C. Danto2. Entendiendo por “fin del Arte”, como lo define Nicolás Borriaud, “El final de la prospectiva idealista de la historia del arte”3, un cambio paradigmático, en el que el enfoque fenomenológico obliga a una reflexión sobre la narrativa positivista impuesta por el pensamiento moderno a la historia del arte, dominante hasta la primera mitad del siglo XX.

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¿Qué significa el Hábitat?
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Padilla-Llano, Samuel Esteban | 2020-08

Las líneas que siguen a continuación son el resultado de un ejercicio académico de estudiantes de noveno semestre del Programa de Arquitectura de la Universidad de la Costa, en el marco de la asignatura Electiva en Proyecto de Investigación II dirigida por el profesor Samuel Padilla-Llano, donde se aborda la investigación como un proceso de coproducción del conocimiento a través de metodologías y estrategias pedagógicas en el aula que permiten al estudiante deconstruir conceptos y elaborar colectivamente posturas y argumentación que aporten a la elaboración de ejercicios investigativos que decantan en productos de investigación y que reflejan en aprendizaje y el dominio de las competencias genéricas y específicas que consolidan su formación académica y profesional. La metodología de este ejercicio rápido de escritura está basada en las lecturas previas de fuentes primarias y bibliografía estructurada en las temáticas desarrolladas en la asignatura las cuales tienen un enfoque en la relación existente entre la arquitectura y los saberes relacionados con la salud y la medicina. Durante una sesión de clases de 3 horas se realiza un debate para socializar y puesta en común de las ideas. Posteriormente cada estudiante dedica un tiempo de la misma sesión a la elaboración del escrito bajo los parámetros indicados (ser reflexiones inéditas, usar citas bibliográficas a partir de las lecturas, tener control del sistema de citación APA). Luego se socializa el resultado y se organiza en documento colectivo y se prepara la publicación conjunta como resultado del trabajo reflexivo. Esta serie de lecturas realizadas durante el curso plantea la lectura semanal de dos artículos. Estos artículos que referencian trabajos locales, nacionales e internacionales, abordan elementos que ponen en discusión las formas de habitar del ser humano y la calidad de vida en los espacios donde trascurre el habitar. Preguntarnos sobre la calidad del hábitat humano y los aspectos que la definen, también es un acto que los arquitectos desde una disciplina concentrada en el hacer espacios para habitar (la casa, la calle, el barrio, la ciudad, etc.), debemos asumir con vocación y conciencia del efecto y la importancia que tiene sobre la vida del ser (o seres) que habitan el espacio. Y desde esa conciencia, el hacer la arquitectura es el arte de pensar, proyectar y configurar formas de habitar en el mudo.

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Qué significa pensar durante la producción de la obra de arte en la serie Línea-miento de política territorial internacional
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Machado Penso, María Verónica | 2020

This article explores the meaning of thinking from an artistic practice which opens a dialogue with the truth that the production of the work presents. Based on two texts by Heidegger "What is called thinking" and "The origin of the work of art" this process of thought is analyzed, during the production of the series "Borderland Guide-line. This analysis shows the way of thinking, during the production of the work, disassemble the representation of concepts such as limit, edge, border, and margin, and allows the truth of these concepts, as a work, it is going to be revealed, as the artist has aesthetic experiences with what the work will be.

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¿Quién es ‘Joselito’, el muerto que Barranquilla llora en su Carnaval?
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Caparroso, José | 2017

Un río de viudas, vestidas con atuendos negros, sombreros tipo pavas, gafas oscuras, recibos con deudas pendientes y barrigas de trapo que simulan embarazos, salen a las calles de Barranquilla, el martes previo al miércoles de ceniza -el último día del Carnaval-, para llorar la muerte de ‘Joselito’. La tradición oral indica que ‘Joselito’ es un personaje simbólico que se goza el Carnaval de principio a fin sin aparecerse por su casa; Maizena por todo su cuerpo, borracho y bailando hasta que el cuerpo le aguante. El martes lo encuentran inconsciente creyendo que ha muerto.

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Quincuagésimo aniversario de ASOUNIESCA
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Contreras Muñoz, Julysa Tibisay | 2019-10-10

Con el fin de celebrar los 50 años de ASOUNIESCA, la organización ha decidido realizar diversas actividades académicas que permitan actualizar y fortalecer los conocimientos de cada uno de sus miembros en los distintos quehaceres de su cotidianidad. Con ésta actividad, ASOUNIESCA da cumplimiento a uno de sus objetivos misionales: “Propiciar el desarrollo integral de las Unidades de Información documental de la Región Caribe, proyectándolas para afrontar los cambios, asimilar el avance científico y adoptar nuevas tecnologías para el manejo de la información y sus servicios”. Durante el evento, se realizó el seminario-taller: Aseguramiento de la calidad de la Educación Superior: El papel de las Bibliotecas universitarias. Dictado por el Bibliotecólogo Carlos Arturo Montoya. El conferencista Luis Gabriel Peñaloza presento su disertación sobre “La innovación como herramienta de empoderamiento y estilo de vida” y el Director de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Manizales, Javier Saldarriaga compartió su experiencia “Cómo Elogim ha influenciado la toma de decisiones de las Universidades”. Por último, se realizó la entrega de placas a los miembros de la organización que con su participación y acompañamiento han permitido alcanzar estos 50 años de actividad y presencia en el caribe y que ahora busca expandirse al resto del país.

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Quinta semana del diseño
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Departamento de Arquitectura y Diseño | 2021

5ta versión de la SEMANA DEL DISEÑO, un evento conocido por todos ustedes y que en esta versión se logra consolidar aún más. Una actividad para divulgar a toda la comunidad académica nuestra estrategia pedagógica del Proyecto Integral, una estrategia que por muchos años ha consolidado el escenario de cierre académico de los profesores y los estudiantes en las dinámicas de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el aula. Son procesos que se estructuran desde el entendimiento del Aula (presencial, Virtual o Remota) como atmosferas creativas de aprendizaje. Desde ahí cada docente con sus estudiantes generan procesos dinámicos, interactivos y creativos, que supongan experiencias significativas que logren el aseguramiento del aprendizaje. El carácter de celebración del conocimiento y el aprendizaje de la Semana del Diseño contribuye también a los valores de la felicidad Sostenible, especialmente en estos tiempos difíciles. Desde esta dimensión no solo aportamos al nuevo modelo de universidad, sino que contribuimos directa o indirectamente a las demás dimensiones del Plan de Desarrollo Institucional.

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Química analítica como herramienta de diagnóstico ambiental y los reflejos del desastre Mariana en la zona costera del Departamento de Espíritu Santo, Brasil
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Schnorr, Carlos Eduardo | 2021-06-06

En este espacio propiciado por el Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, se explica un estudio de monitoreo ambiental realizado a las playas y zonas costeras de Brasil después del desastre ocurrido en el año 2015 conocido como “Mariana” el cual dejó graves afectaciones. Por último, se presenta el estado actual de las playas y el impacto que tuvo dicho estudio como método de mejora, desinfección y descontaminación de las mismas.

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