PEST analysis of wind energy in the world: From the worldwide boom to the emergent in Colombia
Date
2019
2019
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Abstract
This article presents the analysis of the political, economic, social and technological aspects of the countries with the greatest development and generation of wind energy in the world, with the aim of studying the successes and disadvantages over the years and serve as a reference to a country like Colombia, which is in full technological development and is very interested in investing in new alternatives to the imminent ecological disaster resulting from polluting emissions. Colombia signs the Paris Agreement and immediately creates a large number of opportunities supported by state policies and economic investment, specifically in the construction of wind farms that guarantee a real alternative to the country's energy demand. Wind energy supplies 5% of the world's electricity, a contribution in which countries such as the United States, China, and Germany are the main producers. For this reason, it is necessary to study and analyze the factors that prevent the technological development of wind energy in Colombia, if it is considered a country with abundant resources in renewable energy sources and zero cost, a country that aspires to be a protagonist in the next 5 years according to the Ministry of Mines and Energy.
Referencias:
[1] Doukas H, Nikas A, González-Eguino M, Arto I and Anger-Kraavi A 2018 From integrated to integrative: Delivering on the Paris agreement Sustainability 10(7) 2299 1-10 [2] Villegas J F et al 2017 Statistical analysis of wind power and analytical methods for wind persistence in magdalena and Cesar Departments in Colombia Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10 2–10 [3] Dostál Z and Ladányi L, 2018 Demands on energy storage for renewable power sources Journal Energy Storage 18 250–255 [4] Jefferson M 1992 Energy for tomorrow's world 35 91-96 [5] Mitchell D et al. 2018 Extreme heat-related mortality avoided under Paris Agreement goals Natural Climate Changes 8(7) 551–553 [6] Kandpal T C and Broman L 2014 Renewable energy education: A global status review Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 34 300–324 [7] Framework Convention on Climate Change 2015 Adoption of the Paris agreement proposal by the President, Draft decision -/CP.21 (Paris: United Nations) pp 1–32 [8] Hussain A, Arif S M and Aslam M 2017 Emerging renewable and sustainable energy technologies: State of the art Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review 71 12–28 [9] Sakata I and Sasaki H 2013 Bibliometric analysis of international collaboration in wind and solar energy Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems 3(1) 187–198 [10] Heredia F J, Cuadrado M D and Corchero C 2018 On optimal participation in the electricity markets of wind power plants with battery energy storage systems Computers and Operations Research 96 316–329 [11] Liao S, Xu J, Sun Y and Bao Y 2018 Local utilization of wind electricity in isolated power systems by employing coordinated control scheme of industrial energy-intensive load Applied Energy 217 14–24 [12] Wang X, Jiang C and Li B 2016 Retraction notice to ‘Active robust optimization for wind integrated power system economic dispatch considering hourly demand response Renewable Energy 125 1061 [13] Barrozo Budes F, Valencia Ochoa G and Cárdenas Escorcia Y 2017 Hybrid PV & Wind grid-connected renewable energy system to reduce the gas emission and operation cost Contemporary Engineering Sciences 26(10) 1269–1278 [14] Cleary B, Duffy A, Bach B, Vitina A, O’Connor A and Conlon M 2016 Estimating the electricity prices, generation costs and CO2 emissions of large scale wind energy exports from Ireland to Great Britain Energy Policy 91 38–48 [15] Vast I B 2009 Social movements and industry development: The environmental movement’s impact on the wind energy industry Mobilization 14(3) 315–336 [16] Escorcia Y C, Ochoa G V and Forero J D 2018 Review of the bioenergetics policies predominant in China, Colombia, India and Indonesia Chemical Engineering Transactions 65 847–852 [17] McCabe A, Pojani D and Van Groenou A B 2018 The application of renewable energy to social housing: A systematic review Energy Policy 114 549–557 [18] Villamil J A, Rodríguez SR and Piedrahita FS 2018 Análisis del mercado Spot con representación estocástica para generación eólica y fotovoltaica Revista UIS Ingenierías 17(1) 155-62 [19] Gupta A 2013 Environmental and pest analysis: An approach to external business environment International Journal of Modern Social Sciences 2(1) 34–43 [20] Koumparoulis D N 2013 PEST analysis: The case of E-shop International Journal Economic Managament and Social Sciences 2 31–36 [21] Avinash D. and Vadhera S. 2015 A comparative study of electricity price variations with wind energy penetration International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Sustainable Growth (ICEPE) (Shillong, India: IEEE) [22] Molina K, Ortega D, Martínez M, Pinto-Hernández W y González-Estrada OA 2018 Modelado de la interacción fluido estructura (FSI) para el diseño de una turbina eólica HAWT Revista UIS Ingenierías 17(2) 269-282 [23] Castro NY, Gomez CA, Nava EA y Martinez FA 2017 Estrategias de control de calidad de energía en microrredes rurales Revista UIS Ingenierías 16(2) 93-104 [24] Kolios A and Read G 2013 A Political, economic, social, technology, legal and environmental (PESTLE) approach for risk identification of the tidal industry in the United Kingdom Energies 10(6) 5023–5045 [25] Igliński B, Iglińska A, Cichosz M, Kujawski W and Buczkowski R 2016 Renewable energy production in the Łódzkie Voivodeship. The PEST analysis of the RES in the voivodeship and in Poland Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 58 737–750 [26] Muskulus M and Mann J 2015 Selected Papers from the European Wind Energy Association 2014, Barcelona IET Renewable Power Generation 9(8) 865–866 [27] Mou D 2018 Wind power development and energy storage under China’s electricity market reform-A case study of Fujian Province Sustainable 10(2) 298 1-20
[1] Doukas H, Nikas A, González-Eguino M, Arto I and Anger-Kraavi A 2018 From integrated to integrative: Delivering on the Paris agreement Sustainability 10(7) 2299 1-10 [2] Villegas J F et al 2017 Statistical analysis of wind power and analytical methods for wind persistence in magdalena and Cesar Departments in Colombia Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10 2–10 [3] Dostál Z and Ladányi L, 2018 Demands on energy storage for renewable power sources Journal Energy Storage 18 250–255 [4] Jefferson M 1992 Energy for tomorrow's world 35 91-96 [5] Mitchell D et al. 2018 Extreme heat-related mortality avoided under Paris Agreement goals Natural Climate Changes 8(7) 551–553 [6] Kandpal T C and Broman L 2014 Renewable energy education: A global status review Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 34 300–324 [7] Framework Convention on Climate Change 2015 Adoption of the Paris agreement proposal by the President, Draft decision -/CP.21 (Paris: United Nations) pp 1–32 [8] Hussain A, Arif S M and Aslam M 2017 Emerging renewable and sustainable energy technologies: State of the art Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review 71 12–28 [9] Sakata I and Sasaki H 2013 Bibliometric analysis of international collaboration in wind and solar energy Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems 3(1) 187–198 [10] Heredia F J, Cuadrado M D and Corchero C 2018 On optimal participation in the electricity markets of wind power plants with battery energy storage systems Computers and Operations Research 96 316–329 [11] Liao S, Xu J, Sun Y and Bao Y 2018 Local utilization of wind electricity in isolated power systems by employing coordinated control scheme of industrial energy-intensive load Applied Energy 217 14–24 [12] Wang X, Jiang C and Li B 2016 Retraction notice to ‘Active robust optimization for wind integrated power system economic dispatch considering hourly demand response Renewable Energy 125 1061 [13] Barrozo Budes F, Valencia Ochoa G and Cárdenas Escorcia Y 2017 Hybrid PV & Wind grid-connected renewable energy system to reduce the gas emission and operation cost Contemporary Engineering Sciences 26(10) 1269–1278 [14] Cleary B, Duffy A, Bach B, Vitina A, O’Connor A and Conlon M 2016 Estimating the electricity prices, generation costs and CO2 emissions of large scale wind energy exports from Ireland to Great Britain Energy Policy 91 38–48 [15] Vast I B 2009 Social movements and industry development: The environmental movement’s impact on the wind energy industry Mobilization 14(3) 315–336 [16] Escorcia Y C, Ochoa G V and Forero J D 2018 Review of the bioenergetics policies predominant in China, Colombia, India and Indonesia Chemical Engineering Transactions 65 847–852 [17] McCabe A, Pojani D and Van Groenou A B 2018 The application of renewable energy to social housing: A systematic review Energy Policy 114 549–557 [18] Villamil J A, Rodríguez SR and Piedrahita FS 2018 Análisis del mercado Spot con representación estocástica para generación eólica y fotovoltaica Revista UIS Ingenierías 17(1) 155-62 [19] Gupta A 2013 Environmental and pest analysis: An approach to external business environment International Journal of Modern Social Sciences 2(1) 34–43 [20] Koumparoulis D N 2013 PEST analysis: The case of E-shop International Journal Economic Managament and Social Sciences 2 31–36 [21] Avinash D. and Vadhera S. 2015 A comparative study of electricity price variations with wind energy penetration International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Sustainable Growth (ICEPE) (Shillong, India: IEEE) [22] Molina K, Ortega D, Martínez M, Pinto-Hernández W y González-Estrada OA 2018 Modelado de la interacción fluido estructura (FSI) para el diseño de una turbina eólica HAWT Revista UIS Ingenierías 17(2) 269-282 [23] Castro NY, Gomez CA, Nava EA y Martinez FA 2017 Estrategias de control de calidad de energía en microrredes rurales Revista UIS Ingenierías 16(2) 93-104 [24] Kolios A and Read G 2013 A Political, economic, social, technology, legal and environmental (PESTLE) approach for risk identification of the tidal industry in the United Kingdom Energies 10(6) 5023–5045 [25] Igliński B, Iglińska A, Cichosz M, Kujawski W and Buczkowski R 2016 Renewable energy production in the Łódzkie Voivodeship. The PEST analysis of the RES in the voivodeship and in Poland Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 58 737–750 [26] Muskulus M and Mann J 2015 Selected Papers from the European Wind Energy Association 2014, Barcelona IET Renewable Power Generation 9(8) 865–866 [27] Mou D 2018 Wind power development and energy storage under China’s electricity market reform-A case study of Fujian Province Sustainable 10(2) 298 1-20
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